Wesi tuang abu-abu nuduhake wesi tuang kanthi grafit serpihan. Iki diarani wesi tuang abu-abu amarga lumahing patahan dadi abu-abu peteng nalika pecah.
Sifat mekanik wesi tuang abu-abu ana hubungane karo struktur matriks lan morfologi grafit. Grafit serpihan ing wesi wesi abu-abu kanthi serius ngethok matriks, sing gampang nyebabake konsentrasi stres ing pojok grafit sing cetha, nggawe kekuatan tarik, plastisitas lan kateguhan wesi wesi abu-abu luwih murah tinimbang baja, nanging kekuatan tekan padha karo sing saka baja. Iki uga wesi tuang kanthi sifat mekanik sing paling awon ing antarane bagean wesi sing umum digunakake. Ing wektu sing padha, struktur matriks uga nduweni pengaruh tartamtu ing sifat mekanik wesi tuang abu-abu. Flakes grafit saka wesi cor abu-abu adhedhasar ferrite sing coarse, karo kekuatan lan atose paling, supaya iku kurang digunakake; flakes grafit saka wesi cast werna abu-abu adhedhasar pearlite nggoleki, karo kekuatan lan atose luwih, lan utamané dipigunakaké kanggo Pabrik castings luwih penting; flakes grafit saka wesi cast werna abu-abu adhedhasar ferrite-pearlite rada coarser saka wesi cast werna abu-abu pearlite, lan kinerja ora apik minangka wesi cast werna abu-abu pearlite. Mulane, wesi cast werna abu-abu adhedhasar pearlite luwih umum digunakake ing industri.
Wesi wesi abu-abu nduweni kinerja casting apik, damping geter apik, resistance nyandhang apik, kinerja nglereni apik lan sensitivitas kedudukan kurang.
Tabel: Sasmita lan sifat mekanik coran wesi abu-abu |
|||||
Merk |
Ketebalan tembok casting |
Kekuwatan tensile minimal |
Klasifikasi kekerasan |
Casting sawetara atose |
Struktur metalografik utama |
HT100 |
2.5~10 |
130 |
H145 |
≤170 |
ferit |
10~20 |
100 |
||||
20–30 |
90 |
||||
30~50 |
80 |
||||
HT150 |
2.5~10 |
175 |
H175 |
150-200 |
ferit + Mutiara
|
10~20 |
145 |
||||
20–30 |
130 |
||||
30~50 |
120 |
||||
HT200 |
2.5~10 |
220 |
H195 |
170–220 |
Mutiara |
10~20 |
195 |
||||
20–30 |
170 |
||||
30~50 |
160 |
||||
HT250 |
4.0~10 |
270 |
H215 |
190–240 |
Mutiara |
10~20 |
240 |
||||
20–30 |
220 |
||||
30~50 |
200 |
||||
HT300 |
10~20 |
290 |
H235 |
210–260 |
100% perlite
(besi nodular)
|
20–30 |
250 |
||||
30~50 |
230 |
||||
HT350 |
10~20 |
340 |
H255 |
230–280 |
100% perlite
(besi nodular)
|
20–30 |
290 |
||||
30~50 |
260 |
Komposisi kimia standar nasional wesi cor abu-abu (%) |
|||||
bahan Standar
|
C |
S |
Mn |
P |
lan |
HT100 |
3.2~3.8 |
≤0.15 |
0,5 nganti 0,8 |
<0.3 |
2.1~2.7 |
HT150 |
3.0~3.7 |
≤0.12 |
0,5 nganti 0,8 |
<0.2 |
1.8~2.4 |
HT200 |
3.0~3.6 |
≤0.12 |
0.6~1.0 |
<0.15 |
1.4~2.2 |
HT250 |
2.9~3.5 |
≤0.12 |
0.7~1.1 |
<0.15 |
1.2~2.0 |
HT300 |
2.8~3.4 |
≤0.12 |
0.8~1.2 |
<0.15 |
|
HT350 |
2.7~3.2 |
≤0.12 |
0.8~1.4 |
<0.15 |
|
nomer seri |
negara |
Kelas wesi tuang |
||||||
1 |
Cina |
|
HT350 |
HT300 |
HT250 |
HT200 |
HT150 |
HT100 |
2 |
Jepang |
|
FC350 |
FC300 |
FC250 |
FC200 |
FC150 |
FC100 |
3 |
Amerika Serikat |
NO.60 |
NO.50 |
NO.45 |
NO.35 |
N0.30 |
NO.20 |
|
4 |
Mantan Uni Soviet |
C440 |
C435 |
C430 |
C425 |
C420 |
C415 |
C410 |
5 |
Jerman |
GG40 |
GG35 |
GG30 |
GG25 |
GG20 |
GG15 |
|
6 |
Italia |
|
G35 |
G30 |
G25 |
G20 |
G15 |
G10 |
7 |
Prancis |
FGL400 |
FGL350 |
FGL300 |
FGL250 |
FGL200 |
FGL150 |
|
8 |
Inggris |
|
350 |
300 |
250 |
200 |
150 |
100 |
9 |
Polandia |
Z140 |
Z135 |
Z130 |
Z125 |
Z120 |
Z115 |
|
10 |
India |
FG400 |
FG350 |
FG300 |
FG260 |
FG200 |
FG150 |
|
11 |
Romania |
FC400 |
FC350 |
FC300 |
FC250 |
FC200 |
FC150 |
|
12 |
Spanyol |
|
FG35 |
FG30 |
FG25 |
FG20 |
FG15 |
|
13 |
Belgia |
FGG40 |
FGG35 |
FGG30 |
FGG25 |
FGG20 |
FGG15 |
FGG10 |
14 |
Australia |
T400 |
T350 |
T300 |
T260 |
T220 |
T150 |
|
15 |
Swedia |
0140 |
0135 |
0130 |
0125 |
0120 |
0115 |
0110 |
16 |
Hungaria |
OV40 |
OV35 |
OV30 |
OV25 |
OV20 |
OV15 |
|
17 |
Bulgaria |
|
Vch35 |
Vch30 |
Vch25 |
Vch20 |
Vch15 |
|
18 |
Standar Internasional (IS0) |
|
350 |
300 |
250 |
200 |
150 |
100 |
19 |
Pan-American Standard (COPANT) |
FG400 |
FG350 |
FG300 |
FG250 |
FG200 |
FG150 |
FG100 |
20 |
Taiwan, China |
|
|
FC300 |
FC250 |
FC200 |
FC150 |
FC100 |
21 |
Walanda |
|
GG35 |
GG30 |
GG25 |
GG20 |
GG15 |
|
22 |
Luksemburg |
FGG40 |
FGG35 |
FGG30 |
FGG25 |
FGG20 |
FGG15 |
|
23 |
Austria |
|
GG35 |
GG30 |
GG25 |
GG20 |
GG15 |
|
1) wesi wesi abu-abu Ferritic, kelas HT100, cocok kanggo castings ora penting karo kathah cilik lan ora syarat khusus kanggo gesekan lan nyandhang, kayata tutup protèktif, isine, panci lenga, handwheels, krenjang, piring basa, palu abot, Ngalahake cilik, lsp.
2) wesi cor abu-abu Ferritic-pearlitic, kelas HT150, cocok kanggo casting karo beban medium, kayata basa mesin, krenjang, kothak, wadhah alat, awak amben, kursi bantalan, workbenches, pulleys, tutup mburi, awak pump, awak tutup. , pipelines, flywheels, basis motor, etc.
3) Wesi cast abu-abu Pearlitic, kelas HT250, cocok kanggo casting sing luwih penting sing nduweni beban sing luwih gedhe lan mbutuhake sesak udara utawa ketahanan korosi, kayata silinder, gear, basis mesin, flywheels, awak amben, blok silinder, liner silinder, piston. , kotak gear, roda rem, cakram kopling, badan katup tekanan menengah, lsp.
4) wesi cast nodular, karo gelar HT300 lan HT350, digunakake kanggo castings penting sing mbutuhake mbukak dhuwur, nyandhang resistance lan tightness online dhuwur, kayata amben, basa lan pigura saka alat mesin abot, mesin shearing, mekso lan lathes otomatis, bagean hidrolik tekanan dhuwur, ring piston, gear, cams lan bushings kanthi gaya gedhe, crankshafts, blok silinder, liner silinder lan sirah silinder saka mesin gedhe, etc.